Programming

• Primitive programming
• Sequential programming
• Procedural programming

Declarative and Imperative are actually high-level categories of programming paradigms, and most paradigms fit under one of these.
Let’s integrate them into the evolution story:

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Two Main Branches

1. Imperative Paradigm (Step-by-step how to do things)

• You tell the computer exactly how to perform tasks.
• Examples: Procedural, Structured, Object-Oriented, Event-Driven, Concurrent.
• Languages: Fortran, C, Java, Python (in imperative style).

2. Declarative Paradigm (Describe what you want, not how to do it)

• Focuses on the desired result, not the steps.
• Examples: Functional, Logic, Database query languages, Configuration languages.
• Languages: SQL, Prolog, HTML, Haskell.

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Where They Fit in Evolution

1. Machine & Assembly (Imperative) – telling the CPU exactly what to do.
2. Procedural / Structured (Imperative) – more human-friendly but still step-by-step.
3. Object-Oriented (Imperative) – organizing steps inside “objects”.
4. Event-Driven (Imperative) – still gives explicit steps, but triggered by events.
5. Functional (Declarative) – describe relationships and transformations (no side effects).
6. Logic Programming (Declarative) – describe facts and rules (Prolog).
7. SQL & DSLs (Declarative) – describe data and desired output.